[2]王俊杰,陈红岩,刘磊等.北京地区雨燕科3种雨燕羽毛的扫描电镜观察

[J].中国农学通报,2020,36(03):117-122.

北京地区雨燕科3种雨燕羽毛的扫描电镜观察

王俊杰，陈红岩，刘磊，刘刚，曾朝辉，夏晓飞

摘要：为系统地研究北京地区雨燕科3种雨燕的羽毛特点,给雨燕科的保护、分类研究积累资料,笔者对北京地区分布的雨燕目(Apodiformes)雨燕科(Apodidae)的白腰雨燕(Apus pacificus)、普通楼燕(A.apus)、白喉针尾雨燕(Hirundapus caudacutus)主要类型羽毛进行微观结构对比观察。试验流程为:鸟类标本取样前再鉴定、确定采样位置、取样、样品脱脂、超声波清洗、自然干燥、离子溅射喷金及扫描电子显微镜观察。结果表明:飞羽、尾羽和体羽主要有钩羽小枝和无钩羽小枝构成;有钩羽小枝和无钩羽小枝相互啮合形成坚实的羽面来减少飞行阻力。3种鸟类羽毛的飞羽羽小轴表面纹饰、绒羽节点形状可以作为属间分类重要特征,飞羽、尾羽及体羽其他特征参数可以作为参考。

关键词：雨燕科;扫描电镜;保护;分类;微观结构;羽毛;

基金资助：

北京市优秀人才青年骨干项目“基于鸟类羽毛电镜显微特征和DNA鉴定的双重鸟类识别系统构建及应用”(2016400685627G234)； 北京市自然科学基金项目“基于鸟类羽毛电镜特征和DNA分子特征的双重鸟类识别系统”(5174031)；

[3]Hong-Yan Chen, Xiao-Fei Xia*, Zhe Pan & Yu Ning (2022) Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Carex myosuroides Villars, 1779 (Cyperaceae), Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 7:3, 531-532, DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2053368.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Carex myosuroides Villars, 1779 (Cyperaceae)

Hong-Yan Chen, Xiao-Fei Xia*, Zhe Pan and Yu Ning

ABSTRACT

Carex myosuroides Villars, 1779 is a typical alpine sedge with both ecological and agricultural value.The work reported here is the first complete chloroplast genome of this species. The chloroplast genome,with a total size of 185,609 bp, consists of two inverted repeats (IRs, 38,374 bp) separated by a large single-copy (LSC, 99,911 bp) region, and a small single-copy (SSC, 8950 bp) region. The overall genome GC content is 34.12%. The genome contains 125 genes, consisting of 82 protein-coding genes,35 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis supports the taxonomic treatment of incorporating genus Kobresia to a broader circumscription of Carex. Our work could be helpful to future research on Cyperaceae.

[4]Yu Ning, Yang Li, Shu Bin Dong, Hong Guo Yang, Chun Yi Li, Biao Xiong, Jun Yang, Yu Kun Hu, Xian Yun Mu, Xiao Fei Xia, The chromosome-scale genome of Kobresia myosuroides sheds light on karyotype evolution and recent diversification of a dominant herb group on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, DNA Research, Volume 30, Issue 1, February 2023, dsac049, https://doi.org/10.1093/dnares/dsac049.

The chromosome-scale genome of Kobresia myosuroides sheds light on karyotype evolution and recent diversification of a dominant herb group on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Yu Ning, Yang Li, Shu Bin Dong, Hong Guo Yang, Chun Yi Li, Biao Xiong, Jun Yang, Yu Kun Hu, Xian Yun Mu, Xiao Fei Xia

Abstract

Kobresia species are common in meadows on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. They are important food resources for local livestock, and serve a critical foundation for ecosystem integration. Genetic resources of Kobresia species are scarce. Here, we generated a chromosome-level genome assembly for K. myosuroides (Cyperaceae), using PacBio long-reads, Illumina short-reads, and Hi–C technology. The final assembly had a total size of 399.9 Mb with a contig N50 value of 11.9 Mb. The Hi–C result supported a 29 pseudomolecules model which was in consistent with cytological results. A total of 185.5 Mb (44.89% of the genome) transposable elements were detected, and 26,748 protein-coding genes were predicted. Comparative analysis revealed that Kobresia plants have experienced recent diversification events during the late Miocene to Pliocene. Karyotypes analysis indicated that the fission and fusion of chromosomes have been a major driver of speciation, which complied with the lack of whole-genome duplication (WGD) in K.myosuroides genome. Generally, this high-quality reference genome provides insights into the evolution of alpine sedges, and may be helpful to endemic forage improvement and alpine ecosystem preservation.