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北京奥林匹克公园空气花粉散布规律与气象因素的关系

发布时间:2009年06月30日  作者:徐景先

徐景先1* 张德山2 张小玲3

1北京自然博物馆,北京 100050,中国

2北京市专业气象台,北京 中国

3 中国气象局北京城市气象研究所,北京 中国

摘  要  通过20058月在奥林匹克公园内为期31天空气花粉的逐日采集分析,共观察到花粉15057粒,隶属6植物类型:大麻科葎草属(Humulus L.)(花粉10209粒,占总花粉数的67.80%),菊科蒿属(Artemisia L.)(花粉2021粒,13.42%),藜科(Chenopodiaceae)(花粉1608粒, 10.68%),禾本科(Gramineae)(花粉1025粒,6.81%),菊科豚草属

Ambrosia L.)(花粉191粒,1.27%)和松科松属(Pinus L.)(花粉3粒,0.02%)。

数据分析表明20058月奥林匹克公园内日空气花粉类型没有变化,日空气花粉含量从月初至月末显示出增多的趋势,16日以前,降雨的天数多,日照时间短,气温高,早晚温差小,空气湿度大,日空气花粉粒总含量相对低;16日至31日,无降雨,日照时间长,气温和空气湿度比上半月小,早晚温差比上半月大,日空气花粉总含量明显增高。由此可见奥林匹克公园20058月日空气花粉量受降雨、气温、相对湿度和日照时间等气象因素影响较大,由于风速在整月内变化不大,对空气花粉量的影响也不大。

Daily variations of airborne pollen in the Beijing Olympic Park and their relationships with meteorological parameters

Abstract : An aeropalynological study is preformed in the Beijing Olympic Park from August 1 to 31, 2005. During this period, a total of 15057 pollen grains found were assigned to 6 taxa: Humulus L. (10209 grains, 67.80%), Artemisia L. (2021grians, 13.42%), Chenopodiaceae (1608 grians, 10.68%), Gramineae (1025 grains, 6.81%), Ambrosia L. (191 grains, 1.27%) and Pinus L. (3 grains, 0.02%).

The daily composition of pollen type varies little throughout the whole month of August of 2005. From 1st to 16th, the low values of airborne pollen were recorded due to high temperature, high relative humidity, long sunshine duration, high rainfall and the number of rainy days, highly and continuous rainfall depressed pollen grains dispersal. There was a significant increase in the number of pollen grains from 17th to 31st. This can be correlated with low temperature, low relative humidity and short sunshine duration.

文章发表在《自然科学与博物馆研究》第四卷:第71-83