欧阳志云1 赵娟娟1 桂振华2 倪永明3 韩冰1 庄长伟1

(1．中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室，北京100085；

(2．中绿时代科技发展中心，北京100091；3．北京自然博物馆，北京100050)

摘要:绿色发展模式是我国城市建设落实科学发展观、建设和谐社会的可持续发展之路。而目前我国在相关方面的研究还仍然处在起步阶段。该文综合分析了我国城市绿色发展的相关统计数据。以评价我国城市的绿色发展状况。分析结果显示，我国城市的污染治理投资与基础设施投资水平和三废综合和用水平普遍较低：而绿化水平、生活垃圾处理水平、单位GDP用水、空气质量和工业废水处理水平则有很多城市均已达到较高水平，呈较好的发展态势。就各项指标的发展水平在全国的分布情况来看，投资特别高的城市基本都是赢辖市或者省级市等大规模的城市，但是这些城市的三废综合利用产品产值并不高。单位GDP用水量特别高和工业废水排放达标率特别低的城市基本以小城市为主。就各项指标的总体水平来看。福建、广东、海南、河北、湖北、江苏、江西、山东和浙江等(以首字拼音为序)沿海或接近沿海各省份的城市和4个直辖市均处在较高水平。而甘肃、吉林、山西和陕西等(以首字拼音为序)西北部省份的各城市则处于较低的水平。

关键词 城市生态；绿色发展；评价体系；中国城市；发展水平

中国人口·资源与环境，2009，5（19）

Evaluation of Green Development in Cities of China

OUYANG Zhi-yun l, ZHAO Juan-juan l ,GUI Zhen．Hua 2 ,NI Yong-ming 3 ,HAN Bin91 ZHUANG Chang-wei l

(1．State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology，Research Center for Eco-environment Sciences，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100085，China；

(2．Development Center of China Green Sciences and Technology Times，Beijing 100091，China；3．Beijing Museum of Natural History，Beijing 100050，China)

Abstract： Green development leads cities to scientifically sustainable way of developing towards a harmonious society．However，studies on green development of cities were still rarely reported in China．To evaluate the green development level of cities in China，relevant statistical data were analyzed．As revealed，the investment of environmental pollution treatment，infrastructure construction and the comprehensive utilization of wastes in cities of China were mostly at a low level；but the development levels of greening，garbage disposal，water consumption of per unit GDP，air quality and industrial waste-water treatment were relatively high in most cities of China．According to the national distribution of the development situation for various indexes of green development，especially high investment of environmental pollution treatment and infrastructure construction mostly appeared in metropolitans，including the four municipalities directly under administration of the Central Government and cities at provincial level，although the economic output of the comprehensive utilization of wastes in these metropolitans were still at a low level．And small cities were mostly at a particularly higher level of water consumption per unit GDP and particularly lower ratio of industrial waste water in comparison with water discharge quality standards．In a summary，according to the nation-wide distribution of

all the green development indexes studied．the four municipalities directly under administration of the Central Government and the coastal and near-coastal cities including most of the cities in the provinces of Fujian，Guangdong，Hainan，Hebei，Hubei，Jiangsu，Jiangxi，Shandong and

Zhejiang were relatively at a high level of green development；those small cities in the northwest part of China，including cities in the provinces of Gansu，Jilin，Shaanxi and Shanxi were relatively at a low level of green development．

Key words urban ecology；green development；evaluation system；Chinese cities；development level